Women study written project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ladies study composed task - Essay Example All things considered, they secure positions for themselves on account of the mindfulness brought to them by the women's activist hypotheses. They need to come out of the repression of their homes to work at standard with men. Yet, they need to confront badgering by men, which diminishes their activity execution and occupation fulfillment. They are compelled to do as the business says or are compelled to confront unfriendly conditions in the event that they deny. For instance, minority ladies experience the ill effects of lewd behavior since they have a place with minority gatherings. Subsequently, they face twofold danger, as found by Berdahl and Moore (426) in their examination. They affirm that â€Å"Women experienced more inappropriate behavior than men, minorities experienced more ethnic badgering than Whites, and minority ladies experienced more provocation by and large than dominant part men, minority men, and lion's share women† (Berdahl and Moore 426). Thus, inappropr iate behavior is perhaps the most concerning issue that ladies face at the work environment. Household or spousal maltreatment is characterized as the maltreatment wherein one life partner causes his partner to experience physical or mental abuse with the goal that he may show his impact and authority. Ladies are inclined to abusive behavior at home than men. It is difficult for ladies to end aggressive behavior at home once it begins. Men abuse their spouses to fulfill their pride, and furthermore act cherishing now and again to keep the last remain in the relationship in order to give the feeling that they have improved, which doesn't occur. In the end, the dissatisfaction prompts scorn and insubordination creating inside the ladies. Abusive behavior at home is a type of sexual orientation savagery (Berdahl and Moore 260), and it prompts distinct mental issues and enthusiastic breakdowns because of which the ladies may plan to surrender or murder their accomplices. Separation rates are additionally on the ascent, and one of the principle explanations behind this is abusive behavior at home. In the event that the couple has youngsters, local

How nutrition relates to bone health Research Paper

How nourishment identifies with bone wellbeing - Research Paper Example The accompanying examination will assist the peruser with understanding the key structure obstructs that are required by the body so as to perform and keep up a solid skeletal framework. Right off the bat, and most clearly, calcium just as nutrient K and nutrient D are the most fundamental and significant structure squares of appropriate bone quality and nourishment. In spite of the fact that calcium is what is essentially engaged upon concerning keeping up appropriate bone thickness and wellbeing, both nutrient K and nutrient D help to direct the degrees of calcium in the circulation system just as to support and dishearten how this calcium is combined inside the bone marrow itself (Marian 440). In spite of the fact that this nutrient and supplement are regularly referenced at the same time with bone wellbeing and nourishment, hardly any people comprehend the procedures that every one of these play in appropriate bone wellbeing. Right off the bat, nutrient D is changed over to what is known as calcidiol in the liver. When this transformation has occurred, the calcidiol is then siphoned through the circulatory system with the sole plan of trying to manage the degrees of calcium and phosphate that exist in the circulation system. Calcidiol acts along these lines as a hormone to control levels of aggravates that exist all through the body (Price 143). By acting in this administrative style, the body can utilize the calcium and phosphate levels that are in the circulatory system so as to appropriately fabricate solid bones. Similarly, nutrient K assists with controlling the degree of calcium restricting that happens inside the bone structure. Moreover, notwithstanding calcium and nutrient K, D, the body needs to keep up satisfactory degrees of magnesium; the second most copious mineral, after calcium, in the skeleton. Magnesium has a large group of utilizations concerning bone wellbeing; be that as it may, for the reasons for this short investigation it can comprehended to have a direct and significantly significant impact on the boney framework that assists with giving bones their thickness and

Cause and Effect Essay Topics, Samples, Tips

Cause and Effect Essay Topics, Samples, Tips When you get a Cause and Effect Essay as home assignment, what do you feel? You are lucky if you love to write just anything about anything. But what if you are just an ordinary student, probably, there will be many doubts of how to formulate those easy cause and effect essay topics. Let us suppose you have found some of them over the web, though then, you shall be wondering how much they correspond with this essay category. The list of doubts may be endless. Cause and Effect Essay Meaning We hope to be helpful for you to go through this task with minimum losses of time, nerves and your score. Before checking the topics though, let us check, what a cause and effect essay is, especially let us have a look at its structure and ideas. Here, we have some good news for you: writing a proper essay isn’t so difficult as it seems at first sight. Just follow the structure, and you are there! Though, when you check details, and it is normally about details when we speak about perfection, then you will notice that you may need some useful tips and even examples to get out. Why Strong Essay? Why you might want a strong essay? â€" yep, somebody may still ask that. But we don’t ask that kind of questions, as we understand your reasons very well. A strong essay can be the only chance to get a higher score, to have a test passed, or a way not to lose the score that you have almost guaranteed, if not this paper. Exactly this good essay can become just a part of a chain consisting of strong essays. Nobody wants to spoil all study results just because of one essay. These are though just the short-time effects. The long-time effects could be even such as being accepted in a college of your dream, and a successful career in future. Hence, you know what a strong essay can bring you. Then, why not find out which topic is really yours? Essay What One Shall Write About? You definitely will not find valuable ideas for cause and effect essay topics just anywhere. You will come across thousands of sources and endless topic lists. Though, they aren’t always helpful as you have to select your topics, the topic, which will bring your writing to the top level, which will show all your writing potential. Let us think then, what topic could do that. Normally, people write well about something that is interesting personally for them, that is up-to-date and that somehow worries them. Hence, you will do the right thing if you select the ideas that express your mind, the condition of your soul. If you have selected several topics, that’s ok as well, just note them. Ok then, finally, some topics are chosen, those, among which you may find the best cause and effect essay topics. Then, the next step is to find out about which topic your inner writer wants to write. Just write. First of all, try one topic. Check how it goes, how you feel. If it is too stressful, if you squeeze out your ideas, leave it. Try another topic. Review the topics once more and stop by the one about which the writing flow is free. After determining, which topic responds to your soul condition, outline the plan for your paper. Here, there is nothing special or unusual, all is about following some usual pattern: Introduction. Make your reader understand, why among all interesting cause and effect essay topics exactly this one spoke to the depth of your soul. Problem definition. Define the problem that shall be discussed in your assignment. Be short and clear, as the reader likes to understand all without making excessive efforts. Problem background.Details and again, those little details. Among all good topics for cause and effect essay, you selected the most appropriate one. Reader still doesn’t know it? Then, explain it! Effects. Hmm, that is already clear, isn’t it? Conclusions. Conclusions, as it usually goes. One thing though: be precise. Your Topic is Important You understand that your topic is a special one, among all those good topics for cause and effect essay. Your topic is important, it is something meaningful for you, only then you will make it important for others. Where to Check Topic Samples No need to search through waste lists of topics for a cause and effect essay, just concentrate on those that can really bring your essay to a success, just check our website. Doesn’t matter if you study sociology, or politics, or any other specialization, by us, you for sure will find something that will touch you. The next step is just to find the one that touches the soul. Moreover, we have not just selected the most frequently met cause and effect essay example topics, we thought, you maybe will want to have a quick look at samples, written in different writing manners. Just have a look at those sample cause and effect essay topics, or maybe you prefer checking the essays published in our website? Just check how people write, the structure, pick up those special signals to connect the paper parts or just get a general idea. Or maybe you will have a wish see how others write and based on this, you will shape something unique? We just have defined the main points. Though it depends just on you know how to use the mentioned ideas to create interesting cause and effect essay topics, to formulate them into something unique, that expresses the essence of the idea. We understand as well, that nobody can foresee everything. You may not come across anything useful, despite of the wide range of cause and effect essay ideas topics offered by us. We still want to be helpful. We defined some advice, that you can use to write a perfect essay. Select the topic close to you; Be precise in formulations; Write in simple though correct language; Do not allow deviations from the topic; Clearness and simplicity â€" we better call those the key words of the success of your paper. Conclusion A perfect essay is not just about skills and writing experience. Find the topic, outline how the paper shall look and just go for it, the best essay!

Miss Havisham and Magwitch from Great Expectations Essay

Discuss the relationship between character and location in the case of Magwitch and the marshes; Miss Havisham and Satis House (chapters 1-19) Both the characters Miss Havisham and Magwitch are linked closely with their respective surroundings, as Dickens employs imagery and pathetic fallacy to illustrate this. Although many characters in Great Expectations reflect their environments, the relationship of Miss Havisham and Magwitch offer a particular contrast. The novel echoes many of Dickens’s own life experiences, and the reader is given a strong flavour of Victorian history and commonplace. There is no doubt that when Dickens describes the marshes in the early stages of the novel, he is influenced by his own passion for the†¦show more content†¦Pip’s imagination is left to run wild, and by blending a child’s view of things with the more detached attitude of an adult narrator, Dickens creates a world of violence and humour. Magwitch and the marshes are similar in the way they are both shrouded in mystery. On the one hand, we have the mist and the natural elements of the marshes which make the environment appear mysterious, and then the convict, who Pip knows little of, and indeed it is not until the end of the novel that Pip realises Magwitch has been supplying him with secret sums of money. Miss Havisham’s relationship with Satis House is deeper, perhaps more sinister. When Pip first witnesses Miss Havisham, he remembers being taken to see, â€Å" a skeleton in the ashes of a rich dress, that had been dug out of a vault.† Like the interior of the house, the overgrown garden and the disused brewery are suggestive of Miss Havisham’s own decayed and barren, misused body. The idea of the emptiness of possessions, which is to be a recurring theme in the novel, is also underlined by the meaning concealed in Miss Havisham’s name. The, â€Å"Have a sham† reflects how this gaunt woman has been warped in time by the pretence of the wedding. The â€Å"Satis† name of the house means â€Å"enough† and one could conclude that the building is tired of all the neglect. Miss Havisham’s body reflects the festering of herShow MoreRelatedCreating Tension Through the Presentation of Magwitch and Miss Havisham in Great Expectations1182 Words   |  5 PagesHow does Dickens create tension through his presentation of Magwitch and Miss Havisham in Great Expectations? Introduction ============ Great Expectations is about a young boy, Pip, who lives in a deprived town with his sister (Mrs Joe) and her husband (Mr Joe). Pip meets a fugitive, Magwitch and after meeting with this runaway he fears from his life. Pip is then summoned to go and play at Miss Havisham’s house. He then falls in love with Estella who chooses to ignore Pip, which makesRead More Great Expectations - Miss Havisham and Abel Magwitch are Living through Others1084 Words   |  5 PagesGreat Expectations - Miss Havisham and Abel Magwitch are Living through Others In the work Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens, two characters live their lives through someone else. Miss Havisham and Abel Magwitch are both elderly and though someone else are able to obtain their goals that they are not able to complete themselves. Abel Magwitch lives his life through the protagonist Pip while Miss Havisham lives her life through the character Estella. Miss Havisham is an aged, mysteriousRead MoreBenefactors In Great Expectations1164 Words   |  5 PagesBenefactors In the British classic Great Expectations, Charles Dickens uses a pair of benefactors who greatly contrast each other to represent the dual social mindsets of society. Elusive convict Abel Magwitch appears hostile to readers in the beginning of the story, but he later reveals himself as a selfless laborer, working vigorously to finance young Pip’s journey into becoming a gentleman. In contrast, Miss Havisham is a venerable old woman who was jilted on her wedding day and raises her adoptedRead MoreEssay on The Theme of Imprisonment in Great Expectations1056 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theme of Imprisonment in Great Expectations      Ã‚  Ã‚   The renowned poet, Richard Lovelace, once wrote that Stone walls do not a prison make, nor iron bars a cage. Although many think of a prison as a physical building or a jailhouse, it can also be a state of mind. A great number of people are imprisoned mentally and emotionally. Charles Dickens expresses this message in his eminent novel, Great Expectations. This book is about a simple laboring boy who grew into a gentleman, and slowlyRead MoreGreat Expectations1707 Words   |  7 PagesGreat Expectations Human nature is the psychological and social qualities that characterize humankind. Human nature separates humans from the rest of the animal kingdom. The underlining theme of human nature is evident in Great Expectation by Charles Dickens use of his characters. A main characteristic that Dickens displays is friendship. The friendship between Pip and Herbert is strong. Herbert was significant to Pip’s growth in social class and eventual to his revelation. â€Å"Friendship was oneRead MoreGreat Expectations: Self-Sacrifice722 Words   |  3 PagesIn Great Expectations, the author uses self-sacrifice as a meaningful symbol. A few characters in the book are continually sacrificing a part of themselves to others or sacrificing physical aspects to others. Characters Magwitch, Pip, Miss Havisham, and Estella are examples of people who self-sacrifice themselves throughout the book. Magwitch, a convict who is wanted by the law, desires to financially aid Pip by converting him into a gentleman; Pip, an innocent boy who has yet to learn about theRead MorePip’s Character Change in Charles Dickens Great Expectations1173 Words   |  5 PagesPip’s Character Change in Charles Dickens Great Expectations Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens is a compelling story rich in friendship, love and fortune. The main character, Pip, is a dynamic character that undergoes many changes through the course of the book and throughout this analysis, the character Pip, will be identified and his gradual change through the story will be quoted and explained. The main character, Pip, is a gentle character. His traits include Read MoreGreat Expectations: Secrets1315 Words   |  6 PagesBailey Baith Great Expectations Adv. English 11 March 9, 2013 Secrets A secret always has reasoning behind how long it is kept hidden and when it is revealed. There’s always a perfect time and place for one to share one’s secret. Uniquely books have secrets embedded within to keep the reader on edge. If used wisely by the author, a secrets purpose can affect a novel’s story line, character development, and theme. Every secret throughout Dickens’ novel Great Expectations is effectively keptRead MoreGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens1285 Words   |  6 PagesAP Great Book Assignment: Great Expectations The 544-page, Bildungsroman novel, Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens is considered a classic because it has stood the test of time, appealing to generation after generation of readers while still remaining relevant to them. Published in 1861, Dickens created a coming-of-age story that is similar to his other novel, David Copperfield, but Great Expectations is considered to have reflected parts of his own life. There are several parallels betweenRead MoreComparing the Characters of Magwitch and Miss Havisham in Great Expectations by Dickens917 Words   |  4 PagesComparing the Characters of Magwitch and Miss Havisham in Great Expectations by Dickens Miss Havisham is a bitter old woman. She wants to seek revenge on all men for the wrong that was done to her by one man. She lives in her clothes that she should have worn to her wedding and is surrounded by decaying things in a darkened room. Miss Havisham adopts a young girl Estella, whom she has planed to use her to seek revenge on all men. Miss Havisham is delighted in the way Estella

The concepts behind the organisational behaviour - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3639 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Organisations are multifaceted and human behaviour in an organisation is even more complex and unpredictable. Hence, Organisational behaviour is needed. Organisational behaviour is the study of human behaviour in the organisation and how knowledge about human behaviour is useful in improving an organisations effectiveness. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The concepts behind the organisational behaviour:" essay for you Create order Its main purpose is to find out ways through which people can work more effectively. It deals in a methodical way to study and research in a theoretical development, getting information about different activities of other organisation. Organisational behaviour provides: Analysis of different levels in an organisation. Help in understanding the complexities involved in interpersonal relations of two or more people. View to look and manage the organisations as systems which have inter-organisational relationship. Holistic view of managements behavioural approach and not representing the whole management. A platform to coordinate between two different cultured groups. Organisational behaviour is the study of what people think, feel and do in and around organisation. Organisational behaviour researchers systematically study individual team, and organisational-level characteristics that pressure behaviour within work setting. Organisational behaviour is interdisciplinary field and its appearance can be traced back to Human Relations Movement stimulated by Hawthorne experiments during 1920s. The idea of scientific management, propounded by Frederick Winslow Taylor, had come up with fundamental principles of the subject based on Motion and Time Studies, which were introduced in industry in the United States on a large scale. The major contributions of the scientific management have been (i) standardization of work; (ii) equality in payments of wages, and (iii) precision in training.1 2. The challenging nature of Work Organisation: The effective management of people takes place in the context of wider environmental setting, including the changing patterns of organisations and attitudes to work. It is frequently documented that a global economy, increased business competitiveness, the move towards more customer driven market, advances in systematic knowledge, especially telecommunication and office automation, have led to a period of constant change and need for greater organisational flexibility. The power and influence of private and public organisations, the rapid spread of new technology, and the impact of various socio economic and political factors have attracted increasing attention to the concept of corporate social responsibilities and business ethics. Increasing attention is also being focused on the ethical behaviour which underlies the decisions and actions of managers and staff; and many responsible organisations and professional bodies now choose to publish a code of ethics. The changing na ture of organisations and individuals at work has placed increasing pressure on the awareness and importance of new psychological contracts. Forces of global competition and turbulent change make employment guarantees unfeasible and demand a new management philosophy based on trust and teamwork. People are seen as a responsibility and a resource to be added to. Employees need to abandon the stability of lifetime employment and embrace the contact of continuous learning and personal development. 3. The Nature of Organisational Behaviour System: Organisational behaviour is concerned with the study of the behaviour of people of people within an organisation setting. It involves the understanding, prediction and control of human behaviour. Common definitions of organisational behaviour are generally along the lines of: the study and understanding of individual and group behaviour, and patterns of structure in order to help improve organisational performance and effectiveness. There is a close relationship between organisational behaviour and management theory and practice. Organisational behaviour is of interdisciplinary nature which integrates the behaviour science with other social science. From the disciplines, it helps to improve the relationship between people and organisation. A lot of research work and conceptual framework is emerging to ascertain human behaviour. It has now become a separate field of study whose principles, concepts and processes are synthesized. It is mainly meant for solving the orga nisational problems which are only related to human behaviour. 4. Challenges and Opportunities: In recent year many challenges and opportunities are emerging in organisational behaviour which is: An employee is becoming older. Expectations of the employee are fast changing. Loyalty towards organisations has faded away. Competition is increasing day by day forcing the organisations to increase there productivity. Globalisation of business is forcing workers to change themselves to new cultures and environment. Thus, now a day organisational behaviour has taken a significant role in the organisation to face the new challenges taking place throughout the world. The following are some critical matters facing managers for which organisational behaviour provide solution. Diversity of Workforce- Through organisations are becoming cosmopolitan yet people work together but maintain there separate identities. Manager should learn to respect this diversity as it can help in creating innovation and decision making in the organisation due to different perspectives on various problems. Demographic of work force- Couples of pursuing professional career which is hindering organisational flexibility in getting and development talents. Young people with professional qualification are joining the organisation as they are more preferred. Young people are ambitious, enthusiastic and have desire for learning. Employees expectations are changing- Due to changes in the work force demographics employees attitude, aspirations and expectations have also changed. They do not care for job security, attractive wages, housing facilities and quality of working. Employees require empowerment and quality of status. Globalisation- The internationalization of the business world has made a great impact on the organisations. These days the managers must be more flexible and proactive as he has to deal with work force of other countries which have different needs and attitudes from there own country. Even in there own country they have to face different problems due to dealing with people having different culture and background. Thus the manager need to know and understand their different culture and then adopt a suitable method to get cooperation from them. 5. Organisational Behaviour Modification: Definition of organisational behaviour modification by Robbins is- Organisational behaviour modification is a programme where managers identify performance related employee behaviours and then implement an intervention strategy to strengthen desirable behaviours and weaken undesirable behaviours. Organisational behaviour modification meant for improving the organisational effectiveness. It is derived and developed from the concept of skinners operant conditioning. If refers to eliminate or modify the undesirable behaviour and change it with the more suitable behaviour for goal attainment. The manager should observe the overt behaviour of the person and then modify it accordingly. Steps in organisational behaviour modification: Identify complex behaviour- First identify the complex behaviour which is applicable to organisational performance of the employee. Complex or critical behaviours such as absenteeism, tardiness, complaints of not doing work etc; should be identified through the employee and his superior. Impact of the behaviour- Now it is necessary to measure the impact of such behaviour. If the impact is under tolerable limit then it requires no action otherwise it is necessary to change it. Analysis of the behaviour Now the analysis should be done which involve full examination of the behaviour of the employees. This refers why an organisational behaviour modification is used to change critical performance behaviour. Intervention An intervention strategy is required to deal with: the identified critical behaviour to change and the factors causing such behaviours Evaluation Finally it desire to evaluate the working of the intervention strategies and to see that they are changing the undesirable behaviours for improving the performance. The positive change means that the strategies are successful otherwise other appropriate strategies should be applied to get the desired result. 6. Motivation: The term motivation is derived from the Latin word moveve which means to move. Motivation is what drives a person into doing something. Much of what we do is driven by the thought of a potential reward, or a consequence can be obvious tangible benefits, such as financial reward; enjoyment; or the risk of these being taken away through loosing once job. There are also other benefits that are less obvious, but which still motivate people to do something such as an internal satisfaction; or feeling of achievement. Grazier provides a useful referencing indicating that the expectation of a benefit is a major reason that somebody would be motivated to do something. Each day brings with it an endless list of decisions to be made. The process of making those decisions is driven, in large part, by the hope of benefit of the fear of a consequence. The concept of motivation is related to, but distinct from other concepts, such as instincts, drives, and reflexes. Motivated behaviour is u sually goal-oriented; the goal may be associated with a drive such as hunger or thirst (called primary motivation). However motivation is also closely tied to sensory stimuli: an animal will not usually exhibit eating behaviour unless food is presented. Unlike instinctive behaviour, motivation depends on affect. Finally motivation can be learned (in which case it is called secondary motivation) and typically elicits more complex behaviours then simple reflexes. Motivation is: The force that compel people to move and instigate them to act. To create an urge or desire to do some better performance. To in calculate enthusiasm in them so that they can take initiative in doing the work. To generate the willingness to use there best effort in performing their work. Thus, motivation is to include an act to get the desired goal. It is a process that motivates the drives or aspirations to achieve some object. As a matter of fact performance depends upon motivation as it aff ects the productivity and quality of the work. Definitions of Motivation: 1. Motivation means a process of stimulating people to action to accomplish desired goals. Scott 2. Motivation refers to the way in which urges, drives, desired, aspirations, strivings, needs direct control or explain the behaviour of human beings. Mac Farland 3. Motivation is a process that starts with physiological or psychological deficiency or need that activities behaviour or a drive that is aimed at a goal or incentives. Fred Luthans Characteristics of Motivation: Motivation has very importance in each field of life. Here are some characteristics of motivation: Motivation requires some urges of desires which can be fundamental or for ego-satisfaction. Motivation is goal directed as it has to fulfil some need. Motivation starts by internal feeling of an individual. Motivation is the driving force to get satisfied for achieving some goals. Motivation is a continuous process as all the needs are not satisfied at a time. Motivation work in totality of a person. Motivation is the main factor in inspiring the employers. Importance of Motivation: Organisational efficiency of any organisation depends upon motivation. It is the most importance factor as it deals with the behaviour of the employees. Performance depends upon behaviour which is a mixture of ability and motivation. Thus, motivation is important as: It generates will to do the work. For example- a person has the capacity to do the work but if he is not willing to do it the capacity becomes useless. Resources in an organisation can be best utilized if the motivation is directed towards attaining the organisation goals. Motivational plans in an organisation reduces labour problem i.e., absenteeism or indiscipline etc. Through motivation the organisation can increase its production and productivity as the employees will employ full efforts to use correct methods, systems, or technology effectively. Motivation produces in workers to carry out the work allocated to them for achieving the goal set by organisation. Through motivation employees will u se fill knowledge and skills to complete the work satisfactorily so that the organisation can satisfy their personal and social needs. Thus, the motivation force is dynamic which must be satisfied by achieving the goal. Motivation requires effort which should persist and more through the direction of goal. Further, motivation is very important in an organisation to improve the behaviour of its employees towards their work and to direct them for achieving them target set by organisation. The efficiency of work is also enhanced if the people are well motivated. As without motivation the technology systems and methods all becomes ineffective. To increase the efficiency and effectiveness of an organisation it is necessary to improve the performance of its employees which can be determined by two factors: Level of Ability and Affect of Motivation These can be summarised as follows performance = Ability*Motivation Theories of Motivation: The nature of human beings is complex hence no generalization could be formed on motivation theories. Thus, the various theories of motivation are classified into main categories. These theories based on: Human needs theories by: Maslow Herzberg Mc Clelland Human nature theories by: Mc Gregor Quchi Argyris Expectancy of Human Beings theories by: Vroom Porter and Lawler Human Needs Theories Maslows Need Hierarchy Theory: It is based on human needs. The behaviour of a person at a particular time is usually depends upon his strong need. An individual first fulfils his basic needs and then seeks to satisfy other higher needs. Maslow believed that once a need is satisfied it no longer serves to further motivate him. He was of the opinion that needs have priority. As soon as lower level need is satisfied, other next higher level needs emerge. He arranged the basic human needs in a hierarchy as follows: Physiological needs Safety needs Social needs Esteem needs Self actualisation needs B. Human Nature Theories Mc Gregors Participation Theories: The managements dealing with his employees in the organisation depends upon certain assumption and generalizations towards the behaviour and nature of their employees. Mc Gregor has given two alternative views of human behaviour based on their participation as worker. They are: Theory X- Negative Theory Theory Y- Positive Theory Theory X- The following assumptions about human nature are negative in approach: People usually dislike and avoid work. Need to be directed and controlled. People are lazy and avoid responsibility. Avoid leadership and prefer to be lead. Lack of self motivation and ambition. Theory Y- The following assumptions about human nature are positive in approach: Have great potential for work. Can be motivated to achieve organisational goals. Self motivated and taken initiative. People want to learn and show responsibility. People want rewards, recognition and appreciation. C. Expectancy of Human Beings Theories Vrooms Theory of Expectancy: This theory was developed by Victor H. Vroom. It is a process theory which is concerned with topic How motivation Occurs? This theory deals with the variables of motivation and their inter relationship. According to it motivation is the: Sum of all values which lead to some action. Through it employee achieves some level of his job performance. His effort depends upon the outcome of his performance, i.e., the reward or value he obtains to satisfy his goals. It can be depicted as follows: Employee-Effort-Performance-Reward Thus, this theory suggests that the effort one places on a particular work to get the desired performance in getting the related value or reward. 7. How an organisation can benefit with motivation: First class card at Ritz Carlton Hotel, Champs cards at Yum Brands, telephone calls from the CEO of Keyspan, and various celebrations for good performances at Panafric Hotel are designed to maintain and improve employee motivation. Motivation refers to the forces within a person that affect the direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary behaviour.3 Motivated employees are willing to extent a particular level of effort for a certain amount of time to ward a particular goal. Motivation is one of the four essential drivers of individual behaviour and performance and, consequently, is an integral component of employee engagement. An engaged workforce is an important predictor of an organisations competitiveness, so its easy to see why employee motivation is continuously on the mind of corporate leaders. The quest for a motivated and engaged workforce has not been easy, however. Most employer-92 percent of them, according to one major survey- say that motivating employees has become more challenging. Three factors seem to be responsible for the increasing challenge. First, globalization, information technology, corporate restructuring, and other challenge have dramatically altered the employment relationship. These changes potentially undermine the levels of trust and commitment necessary to energize employees beyond minimum standard.4 Second, in decade past companies typically relied on armies of supervisors to closely monitor employee behaviours and performance. Even if commitment and trust were low, employees performed their jobs with the boss watching them closely. But most companies thinned their supervisory ranks when they flattened organisational structure to reduce cost. Supervisors now have many more employees, so they cant possibly keep a watchful eye out for laggards. The third challenge is that a new generation of employees has brought different expectations to the workplace. A few years ago various writers disparaged generation-X and generation-Y employees as slackers, cynics, whiners and malcontents. Now we know that the problem wasnt their lack of motivational potential; it was that employers didnt know how to motivate them. It seems that many companies still havent figured this out. According to one report more than 40 percent of employees aged 25 to 34 sometimes or frequently feel demotivated compared to 30 percent of 35 to 44 year olds and just 18 percent of 45 to 54 year olds.5 Hotels and other firms are returning to good old fashioned praise and recognition to motivate staff. Share options can evaporate and incentive plans might backfire, but a few words of appreciation almost always create a warm glow of satisfaction and renewed energy. The challenge of recognition is to catch employees doing extraordinary thins. Keyspan Corporation chairman Bob Catell resolves this by regularly asking managers for list of unsung heroes at the New England gas utility. He calls an employee every week, often spending th e first few minutes convincing the listener that the CEO really is calling. They start by saying, hey you cant fool me, this isnt Catell! But once they realize it is me, they are pleased that I would take the time to do this. Along with recognition from managers, approximately one third of large American firms rely on peer recognition as one way to motivate employees. Among them is Yum Brands Inc., the parent company of KFC, Taco bell, and Pizza Hut. Yums restaurants around the world use a recognition program in which employees reward colleagues with Champs cards, an acronym for KFCs values. The Ritz Carlton Hotel in Kuala Lumpur, which is rated as one of the best places to work in Asia, applies a similar peer recognition process using First Class cards. Nancy Teoh, Ritz Carlton Kuala Lumpurs human resource manager, explains that congratulatory message or words of appreciation are written down by any member of the team to another and even as far as from the hotel and corporate se nior leader. Teoh adds, This serves as a motivational aspect of the work environment.6 So motivation is very important for growth and better service in any industry. I am going to explain importance of motivation through these two case studies: Buddys Snack Company is a family owned company located in Rocky Mountains. Buddy forest started the business in 1951 by selling home made potato chips out of the back of his pickup truck. Now days Buddys is $36 million snack Food Company that is struggling to regain market share lost to Frito-Lay and other fierce competitors. In the early eighties Buddy passed the business to his son, Buddy Jr., who is currently grooming his son, Mark to succeed himself as head of the company. Six month ago Mark joined Buddys Snacks as salesperson, and after four months he was quickly promoted to sales manager. Mark recently graduated from a local University with an MBA in marketing, and Buddy Jr. was hoping that mark would be able to implement strat egies that could help turn the company around. Once Marks initial strategies was to introduce a new sales performance management system. As part of this approach, any salesperson who receives a bellow average performance rating would be required to attend a mandatory coaching session with his or her supervisor. Mark forest is hoping that these coaching sessions will motivate employees to increase their sales. This case describes the reaction of three salespeople who have been required to attend a coaching session because of their low performance over the previous quarter. (Russell Casey, Clayton State University, and Gloria Thompson, University of Phoenix) Mergers have roared back in corporate America, and with them have come highly lucrative payouts for the executives who triggered or accepted the acquisitions. One example is Gillette CEO James M. Kilts, who received a whopping $165 million, including stock options and severance, for selling the razor maker to Procter Gamble . Bruce L. Hammonds, CEO of MBNA Corp., was apparently promised $102 million in connection with the credit card companys acquisition by Bank of America Corp. Further behind but still well ahead of the average employees lifetime income is Toys R Us Inc. CEO John H. Eyler, who will receive cash and benefits worth about $63 million when the struggling toy retailers is purchased by an investment group. But several observers say these special perks are blatantly unfair. Others point out that bonuses perversely reward the people who made the company vulnerable to takeover.7 (Business Week) 8. Conclusion: Understanding the behaviour of organisations arises from combining the basics of the sciences or disciplines indicated with a number of more general and overtly subjective assertions. The total picture is incomplete, ever-changing and continually developing. The drive is therefore towards as complete an understanding as possible rather than absolute illumination. This understanding is based on the application of methods of research and inquiry that are capable of relative evaluation. This also concerns the validation and consistency of results and conclusions, especially when the divergent and conflicting nature of the different perspectives is considered. Ultimately, conclusions and predictions about human, and therefore organisational, behaviour are always subject to measures of uncertainty and interpretation. Organisation behaviour is very important in business and our personal life as well. We have to organise everything. I have to attend class then want to study at home the n assignment, everything should be organised and same thing applied in Company.

Schema Free Essays

Schema as Hirsch has defined it is an â€Å"unified system of background relationships† that allows people to understand the â€Å"surface meaning† of a statement (Hirsch 54). If people can find ways to influence students about things that are important in the world, they would grow up connecting series of things important nowadays, and end up having the knowledge to choose what they can do next. If a person contains schema about environmental problems, and how to solve them, they would automatically put things side by side and build a solution for it. We will write a custom essay sample on Schema or any similar topic only for you Order Now With the help of schema, people most especially students can be able to focus on what is important in the society today. If the student graduates with the mental ability to know automatically what is right for their health and be aware of the environment problems, they can lessen the cause of it and the world would be a better place. If the student graduates with the general knowledge of choosing healthy foods, obesity would be lessened and if they graduate with the general knowledge to be aware of what they do to the environment, global warming would slow down. In the end, since schema cannot be taught, institutions should change the curriculum to teach information that will inform the schemata, so that the generation to come would automatically do what is right for them and for the environment. How to cite Schema, Papers

Finance and Accounting Assignment

Questions: Assignment Task: 1) Assume you have invested half of your savings in a risk-free asset and half in a risky portfolio P. Is it theoretically possible to lower your portfolio risk if you move your risk-free asset holdings into another risky portfolio Q? In other words, can you ever reduce your risk more by buying a risky security than by buying a risk-free asset? (15 marks) 2) Is it possible that the holdings of an open-end fund are worth much more or less than what the shares of the fund are trading for? Explain with clear examples supported and referenced with relevant data. This question is designed to test your familiarity with sources of financial information which you will need collate market for valuation purposes. You will therefore be marked on solid demonstration of this capability (30 marks) 3) If a firm repurchases 1% of its shares, does this change the capitalisation of the stock marketon which it is listed? If a firm distributes 1% of its value through dividends, does thi s change the capitalisation of the stock market on which it is listed? You are required to explain your reasons including: i) Impact of share repurchase on market capitalisationii) Impact dividend payment on market capitalisation Answers: 1. In the share market, traders can mug high instability in the traders portfolio. Occasionally, the trader can have low instability in the traders portfolio. The condition of the market in the share market does not stay in the high-quality mood for long period of time. For a while, the share market can have a better time for the investors and sometimes the share market can have worst time for the investors. The condition of the share market completely depends on the economic condition and the political condition of the country (Xu, Yasinzai and Lev, 2013). If the trader trades some of the traders funds in a risk free assets in portfolio P and some of the traders funds invests in the portfolio which is risky. The trader should carry on their trading by keeping three gears in mind: a) The trader who is trading in the market should keep different types of bonds in the risky portfolio, different types of equity and different types of mutual funds in the risky portfolio. This is because if the trader face bad mood of one asset then the portfolio of the trader can be balanced by the other assets. b) In the portfolio, the trader should not keep only the blue chip shares because the cost of the share which is blue chip is quite high. If the market price of the share which is blue chip, falls down then the trader will face loss and the rate of return from the portfolio will also fall quite harshly (Santoro and Wei, 2008). That is why the research analyst suggest to pick different types of assets in the portfolio which may ensure huge amount of profit from the traders risky portfolio. c) The trader should always think about how to deduce the unsystematic risk to the group whose size is small and are from different industries. The volatility of the portfolio can be reduced by the investor by using the following steps: Beta: The instability of a share can be calculated by beta. The beta of a share means that the market price of the share will be in velocipede. If the worth of beta of a share is equivalent to less than one that means the instability of the share as compared to the overall market situation of the stock is less (Poterba, 2004). If the worth of the beta is more than one that means the instability of the share as compared to the overall market situation of the stock is more and the equity can react further sternly. The trader can minimize the instability by trading the highly rated value beta stocks and substitute them with low rated beta stocks. Hedging: The strategy of hedging means when the investors can gets into the position of long or in the position of short in the stock market and the investor can use the strategy of hedging. When the portfolio is made by the investors, the traders should carry on trading by keeping in mind that all the securities or the stocks cannot provide the profit to the trader (Xu, Yasinzai and Lev, 2013). The investor may face loss while trading in the stock market. To deduce the loss acquired by the traders should hedge their portfolio with various stocks or equities so that the loss faced by the trader from one stock gets reduced by earning a profit from other stocks. Bonds: When the trader has the factor of high risk in the traders portfolio, then the trader may earn less amount of return from the investment of the trader. At the time of earning less money from the investors investment, the trader may try to find a place which is safe to invest the traders investments (Lease, 2000). If the trader wants to reduce the risk factor from the traders portfolio, then the trader can invest the money into the bonds. The trader may earn a huge amount of money by trading the bond. Cash: The trader should have modest amount of money with the trader. This is because at the time inflation if the stock price or the collection of stocks goes downwards then the trader can buy new stocks which will make the portfolio less risky (Idowu et al., 2013). When the stock price goes high the trader can put up for sale out the stocks and can earn a huge amount of profit from the stock which can be reduce the loss occurred by the other portfolio of the stocks. 2. Open ended funds means the compilation of shares which can be reclaim and concern at any time. The fund of open ended is mainly offered in the developed countries. The trader can directly trade the stocks unswervingly from the open ended fund. The other term of open ended fund is big pool of money. The open ended funds have lots of money in the fund. This money belongs to the traders (Xu, Yasinzai and Lev, 2013). The open ended fund is estranged into units. The investors have right to trade at any time in the open ended fund. The funds of the open ended fund get larger in size, when the traders invests their money in the open ended fund. The cost of the unit in the open ended fund is determined in regular basis. The unit price of the open ended fund is computed by the values of equity, the values of bonds and by the values of other resources. This unit price of the asset of the open ended fund gets divided by the total amount of resources (Kari, Karikallio and PirttilaÃÅ'ˆ, 2009). Open ended funds invested in: An open ended fund usually invests in both the shares and bonds. The open ended fund also keeps money in hand for opportunity in the future and the open ended fund also devoted in the derivative market. The money which is kept for the future purpose to control the portfolios are saved (Cohen, 2012). The main reasons for investing money in an open ended fund by the investors: When the trader wants to trade in the open end fund, the fund manager of the open ended fund will direct the trader about the assets which can be purchased by the traders. The major objective of the manager of the open ended fund is to give high return to the trader as compared to the asset investment made by the trader (Bell and Jenkinson, 2001). The major cause of trading the money in the open end fund by the trader is to get the high return. After earning the gain from the trading, the trader will invest again in the open end fund. The trading in the open ended fund will make the fund much bigger. The two main kinds of open ended funds are: Unit trusts: The price of unit trust is dual price. When the trader trades the unit trust, a percentage of money is inculpate by the manager of open ended fund (Krause, 2006). The difference of the cost price and the selling price of the unit trust is the gain margin of the trader. Open ended investment companies: The open ended investment company is consists of single unit price. The unit trust is now transformed into the open ended fund. Forward Pricing: One of the important features in the open ended fund is forward pricing. The major function of forward pricing is while trading the units in the open ended fund, the trader do not know the current price of the unit until and unless the trading gets completed (JordaÃÅ'Æ’o and Sousa, 2010). For example: In the afternoon time at 12 o clock, the fund gets its tag. If the trader wants to trade units in the morning and placed a bid for the unit from the fund. The traders do not have any information about the buying price or the selling price of the unit. 3. 1) Impact of share repurchase on market capitalisation: When a company repurchase the share, which means the company is trying to pay no attention to the taxation part of the industry. Repurchasing of share always make an effect on the dividend policy of the stock holder. The industry is allotting the money to the share holders. This reflects that the company is thinking about the wealth of stake holders (Hopkin, 2008.). Many share holders always wants to keep the shares of the company with the stock holder. This is because when the market price of the stock increases, the share holder thinks that the company will declare dividend to the share holders of the company. At that time some of the share holders repurchase shares of that company to get the high dividend from the company. This will make the stock holders to increase the rights of the company in a superior division. Hypothetically, repurchasing of the stocks of the company will not alter the market price of that exact share in the stock market. The trouble faced by the stock holders are the price of the market of the stocks gets minimised by the total value declared as a dividend to the stock holders (Holmes, 2002). The main cause of this brochure is the company aims on the shares of the company but concurrently, the worth of the company gets deduced by the equivalent quantity of money spent in stocks buy back. According to the rule of taxation, the buying back of shares of the business treats the gain of the business as the total profits. When the stock holders get the income from the business profit, the stock holders have to give taxation to the government. As the dividend earned by the stock holder is fully taxable, that is why the stock holder should pay tax to the government. The dividend earned by the stock holder of a company is treated as the capital gain of the stock holder (Crouhy, Galai and Mark, 2000). Company always thinks about the wealth of the stock holders that is why the company always distribute its profit as dividend and distributes the companys profit to the share holders. Sometimes, the company wants to reinvest the profit in the business, that time the company refused to pay the dividend to the share holders of the company. This will allow the company a rapid growth in the market. This will help the company to reinvest in new project and the company can earn more pro fit. 2) The impact of dividend payment on market capitalisation: The policy of dividend in a company means distributing the profit margin earned by the company among the share holders of the company. Another policy of dividend means the reinvesting the profit earned by the company in the new projects to earn more amount of money. The policy of dividend is related to distributing the profit margin among the share holders of the company and reinvesting the profit margin in the new projects of the company to earn more profit margins. Many analysts of the company studied the impact of dividend policy of the company and came to a conclusion that the dividend paid by the company is treated as the risk factor of the company. The size of the company, the leverage of the company and the dividend policy of the company are dependent on each other. It is treated as the risk factor of the company. If the Beta value of a company is higher, then the company is having high risk factor and the company will pay lower amount of dividend to its share holders (Agrawal, 2009). This reflects a negative amalgamation between the policy of dividend of a company and the risk factor of the company. This shows that if the company has high beta value then the dividend paid by the company is low. Another unification of business analysts studied the associations flanked by the dividend policy to the stock holders and the instability of the current price of the share in the market. When the current price of the business is very unstable in the market, the business should not to pay out the dividend to the share holders of the company if there is high risk factor. If the business still wants to distribute the gain margin between the stock holders of the business, then the concern is thinking about wealth of the share holders and secondly, the corporation wants to be a magnet for more stock holders in the direction of the company so that the stock holder will spend more in buying back of the stocks of the company due to the dividend payment. This will make more efficient to the business fund and can reinvest in new projects of the corporation to get more gain margins from the new projects. When an entity deduces the amount of money by distributing the money as dividend by the con cern to the stock holders, then the entity worth of the equity falls down by the same amount of dividend paid by the concern to its stock holders. References: Krause, A. (2006). Risk management. Bradford, England: Emerald Group Pub. Lease, R. (2000). Dividend policy. Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business School Press. Gleditsch, N. (2002). The peace dividend. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Crouhy, M., Galai, D. and Mark, R. (2000). Risk management. New York: McGraw Hill. Poterba, J. (2004). The impact of population aging on financial markets. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Holmes, A. (2002). Risk management. Oxford, U.K.: Capstone Pub. Bell, L. and Jenkinson, T. (2001). New evidence of the impact of dividend taxation and on the identity of the marginal investor. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research. Casey, K. (2009). Dividends. [Bradford, England]: Emerald. Kari, S., Karikallio, H. and Pirttila, J. (2009). The impact of dividend taxation on dividends and investment. Munich: CESifo. Libby, R., Libby, P. and Short, D. (2011). Financial accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Jordao, B. and Sousa, E. (2010). Risk management. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Tuller, L. (2008). The small business valuation book. Avon, MA: Adams Business. Idowu, S., Capaldi, N., Zu, L. and Das Gupta, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of corporate social responsibility. Berlin: Springer. Agrawal, R. (2009). Risk management. Jaipur, India: ABD Publishers. Cohen, M. (2012). The eclipse of 'elegant economy'. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Pub. .Jordao, B. and Sousa, E. (2010). Risk management. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Appendix: Tesco has outstanding shares of 10,000 and the total income of Tesco is $ 100,000. The market price of the share of Tesco is $ 40. If the company buys 1 % share repurchase then The current EPS of Tesco is = $ 100,000 / 10,000 = $ 10 per share P/E ratio = $40 / $10 = 4 With a 1% stock repurchase by Tesco Tescos outstanding shares will reduced to = (10,000 * (1 0.10)) = 9000 shares Therefore, Tescos outstanding shares are reduced to 9,000 Therefore, Tescos EPS = $ 100,000 / 9000 = $ 11.12 The Tescos shares trade on 4 times earnings, Tescos new share price will be $ 41, an increase from the $ 40 per share before the share repurchase.

Soccer In Radge Essays - RCD Espanyol, Ral Tamudo, Sarri Stadium

Soccer In Radge Espanyol capped its centenary celebrations by winning the Spanish Cup with a 2-1 victory over Atletico Madrid on Saturday. One of the cheekiest goals seen in Spain all season gave the Barcelona club an ideal start after just two minutes. Atletico goalkeeper Toni Jimenez -- who moved to the club from Espanyol last summer -- saved a shot by Toni Velamazan and was bouncing the ball in front of him, ready to boot it upfield. But then Raul Tamudo nipped in unseen, headed the ball away from Jimenez and beat his former team mate in a sprint across the face of the goal, turning the ball in from an narrow angle out on the left. Sergio Gonzalez hit Espanyol's second goal five minutes from time to ensure the club won its first honor for 60 years Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink pulled one back for Atletico a minute into injury time, and Espanyol endured an anxious couple of minutes as the clocked ticked away, but it was too little too late. Espanyol ecstasy For Espanyol supporters, it brought a huge smile to their faces after a decade of despair. They were relegated twice during the 1990s and even had to sell their ground -- the historic Sarria stadium -- in 1997 to solve a cash crisis. However Espanyol's veteran defender Nando Munoz put the emotions of all those involved with the club into words. "This might be the greatest day in the history of Espanyol. This is for all those fans and everyone else who can remember the bad times -- all those dire moments," Nando said. Nando had recovered enough breath to speak to Spanish to reporters because he had been given his marching orders 13 minutes from time after picking up two yellow cards in quick succession while Espanyol fought to contain a second half Atletico comeback. Atletico attack The first half belonged to Espanyol, with Tamudo and Velamazan causing plenty of problems for the Atletico defenders and Moises Arteaga slicing through the middle, but the second period saw Atletico strive for an equalizer. Hasselbaink was a constant threat, although Espanyol defenders did a good job of soaking up the pressure, and his closest efforts came from edge-of-the-area free kicks. After Nando left the field, Espanyol looked briefly in trouble, but both teams ended the match with 10 men after former Spanish international defender Santi Denia lost control completely seven minutes from time. Denia scythed down Manuel Serrano from the rear and then headbutted Toni Velamazan. Sergio's clincher came two minutes later. Tears He controlled a long, speculative, ball forward with his head and then blasted the half-volley past the hapless Jimenez, who left the field inconsolable. "Football just isn't fair," Jimenez wailed, with tears streaming down his face. Jimenez was not the only Atletico player to leave the field with moist eyes. The cup final defeat, their second in successive years after losing 3-0 to Valencia last year, brought an end to one of the worst season's in club history. Atletico was relegated and will spend next season in the Spanish second division for the first time since 1934. A damaging government investigation into the club finances also left the club badly demoralized on and off the field. The cup final is likely to be the last match that many players, including Hasselbaink, have in an Atletico jersey, with a massive exodus anticipated.

Death penalty should not be abolished essays

Death penalty should not be abolished essays The death penalty, probably the most controversial of all legal punishments for prisoners, its the one that I have to write about now. For some people is the perfect solution as a punishment, for others its a cruel way to take revenge. Lets take a look to the penalty. What it basically is about is to take the worst scum of society and by any means kill it (because can be male or female). The penalty has many ways to take effect, there is the electrical chair, in which a 20,000 or more volt current is passed through the body until the individual dies; the gas chamber which basically the prisoner is seated in a small chamber and then the chamber is then flooded with toxic gas; and like this there are many ways. In Guatemala weve had only two ways of death penalty, execution and lethal injection. For me the best way was the execution method because on the lethal injection method, the prisoner is put down to sleep before he dies, so he doesnt feel a thing. Instead in the execution method, in spite of its an ugly scene, the prisoner felt every shot that were like fifteen shots. Now, people say Oh! Poor guy or It didnt meant to do it, spare his life but they are only seeing the half filled glass, because on the other side of the story, the prisoner could have killed a 6 month old baby or raped a 7 year old girl, before killing her, so it would be a life filled with tension moments for the parents of the victim only to know that the killer or rapper is still alive and could escape or get free on parole and strike again. The most amazing story of a prisoner who still is alive and, if it werent for the state abolition of this penalty, he would be executed, is the famous Charlie Manson story. He tortured and killed thirteen persons in one night, including 2 Hollywood stars. He got life in prison and the family of the victims, right now; its probable that ...

Global Performance of German and France Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global Performance of German and France - Essay Example It is hard to say whether the impact has been positive or negative because there is lot of gap and difference between the status in the middle and upper and lower middle and low classes of business. Globalization has widened this gap to the extent that they look un-breach able. Whichever way you look at this transformation it is obvious that globalization is an economical aspect. And it is good that it is; the onset of globalization has kick-started a movement of liberalization of independent thought process, which due to the heightened global interconnectivity may prove more successful than it ever was in any of the past socio-economic and cultural revolutions and in this respect these two countries, France and Germany, cannot be overlooked. (Dos, 441-442) Globalization is a big word today and one that has changed the way we look at and understand things around us. What is actually globalization? What do we understand by this word? Globalization is simply the predisposition of the economy through business, knowledge through technology and thought through philosophy to spread globally. Globalization can also mean the process by which this happens. This term is almost synonymous with intertwining of markets and economies without any consideration for physical border or legal restraints and it general it is well applicable for France and Germany. (Fletcher, 188)... The downside is that globalization seems to profit the rich more and the poor less, thus widening the gap further. It is true that globalization actually means the broadening of global linkages, while also impacting upon the social and cultural dimensions of the global society, hence propagating a one-world-citizenship which has one economy, one culture and one social order. Ecumenically globalization's definition would be complete with the above classifications. But there are many inroads in the understanding of the term. This is the process with which the poor countries can think of modernization and global competition, enhanced living standards, and work opportunities; on the other hand this very same process is the one which can destroy economies by sudden influx of foreign capital, can destroy marginalized workers livelihood and destabilize national banks. Hence, globalization literally is like a coin - with two very separate sides and much of it is realized in France and German y. However it should be mentioned that France is much well placed in terms of economy in this context when compared to Germany. At the same note it can be mentioned that the economic equilibrium in the international level is changing very quickly with the affects of financial flows and increasing trade. It is globalization that forces us to re evaluate the position of Europe along with major countries like France and Germany in the world market. This new wave of economy has given enough impetuous that positions held about three years ago are certainly to be changed. As it is these two countries are not doing in a very favourable mode in the international economic sector and domestically these two countries are witnessing rising inequalities with industrial instability as

Personal statement media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personal statement media - Essay Example The media today is a powerful tool in this age of communication and its magnanimity is appealing to me. The growth in the media in the past few years has been immense as there have been ventures in coverage of all sorts of events and stories from world news, local news, politics, sports, art, music, culture and generally anything of human interest (Thussu 2009, Pg. 22). It is an exciting time to join the media especially due to the changes and the innovation that is going on at the moment; I would like to be part of this industry and inject my ideas into it as well. I have an ambition to start my business in media later on in life and entry into media school is the first great step in starting that journey. By studying media in the university, I will learn the fundamentals of media as well as discover means of channelling my passion of music and poetry into the media. I hope to realize my dream and would appreciate you granting me the chance to study media in your

Marketing analysis of Taylors Education Group

Marketing analysis of Taylors Education Group Taylors Education Group has been a household name in Malaysia for four decades known for producing all-rounded graduates with on-hand work experience which will enable them to be competitive and assertive in the working environment. Taylors has contributed much to Malaysias economic prosperity seeing as Taylors is expanding not only domestically but also internationally. Taylors started with humble beginnings, with only a small block in Jalan Pantai, Kuala Lumpur offering only one program. Today, Taylors has 5 campuses including the very recently established Taylors Lakeside Campus which offers a multitude of courses which comprises of diploma, undergraduate and postgraduate studies. Apart from that, Taylors 10 year mission is to become a university of 20,000 students renowned for its teaching excellence and the distinctive quality of its graduates. At the rate Taylors is growing, there is no doubt that mission can be accomplished in 5 years let alone 10 years. Taylors effective miss ion statement, Wisdom. Integrity. Excellence is undoubtedly one of the reasons why many students are attracted to this educational institution. Taylors mission statement positions students to think of Taylors as a premium and exclusive educational institution that offers excellent education quality while inculcating discipline at the same time. Taylors core purpose to educate the youth of the world to take their productive places as leaders in the global community also plays an important role in drawing students into the educational institution. In addition to that, Taylors also promises 5 core values in all of their programs. Firstly, Taylors believes in Respecting and caring for each other. Taylors promises to create an environment where everyone is appreciated disregarding personal, cultural, racial or religion differences. Taylors does this by providing a safe place to express your opinions. Besides that, exercising responsibility will also be encouraged. The efforts of individu als and groups will also be recognized and respected. Secondly, Taylors also believes in Being dedicated to a culture of excellence. Taylors will systematically and purposefully do the best they can to achieve their organizational goals. Thus, Taylors will continually look for methods to improve themselves through continual learning and adopting methods which will contribute to Taylors long term objectives and goals. Thirdly, Taylors also believes in Openness in communication. Taylors promotes being honest in daily exchanges, and if this is done in a kind and respectful manner, trust and understanding will be developed. Fourthly, Taylors believes in Acting with integrity. Taylors will obey the codes of conduct and be ethical in their daily processes to build a culture of openness within the organization and society at large. Fifthly, Taylors also believe in Being passionate in what we do. Taylors believes by doing things passionately, it will inspire others to want to do better. Las tly, Taylors believes in Creating enjoyable environments. This assignment is mainly to study the Taylors education group, in terms of how they market their programs and education. The main focus in this assignment is the newly built Taylors Lakeside Campus. From here, well analyze how the Taylors education group has successfully turned this project into a great profit making campus. This assignment will study their marketing strategies by analyzing the companys strengths, weaknesses, opportunities threats (SWOT Analysis), the companys segmentation and positioning strategy and the companys marketing mix. Well also provide recommendations to improve their marketing strategies at the Taylors Lakeside Campus towards the end of this assignment. SWOT Analysis The two types of internal factors that affect the company to reach its objective are strengths and weaknesses. Firstly, the strength of Taylors college is it has a strong background and a history of 42 years. The forty two years of history include proven experience in university level education and training with growing emphasis on research to further enhance the quality of the university. This can be proven by the recognition from Ministry of Higher Education with the prestigious Excellence in Research and Development award 2005/06. Taylors University had developed a strong brand name and causes an increase in market share and brand equity. It has a famous slogan that is Wisdom, Integrity, Excellence. Taylors Universitys drive for wisdom, quest for integrity and thirst for excellence made it become a famous academic institution and is able to deliver a high quality education. Besides that, the strength of Taylors university is it offers a variety of high value and quality national r ecognized programs. The university offers architecture, design, biosciences, business, communication, IT, engineering, hospitality, law and medicine program. The academic activities adapted to the more recent socio-economic trends resulting in the development of a broad range of courses. The variety program that Taylors University provided proven that it is a powerful one stop education organization. The linking arrangement with foreign universities ensures the quality assurance of the courses and examinations. Moreover, the high development in teaching and learning skills are the strength of Taylors university. The establishment of Integrated Teaching and Life-long Learning Center at Taylors (InTeLLeCT) is to ensure the provision of relevant, innovative, and excellent learning experiences at Taylors. It creates learning experience through excellent teaching, outstanding academic student support initiatives, and an innovative and technology-driven learning environment. (Taylors Univ ersity 2011) By investing in InTeLLect, it ensures the continuous improvement of human resources by creating an experienced academic and support staff to educate more quality students. The high quality lecturers can be proved by one of the lecturers from the School of Engineering Dr TVN Padmesh for being awarded with the Young Scientist Paper Award 5th International Conference of Environmental Science and Technology 2010 in Texas, USA from July 12-16. In addition, geographical location and comfortable campus environment also adds to the strength of Taylors University. Taylors University is located at Subang Jaya and there are high amount of population and fast rising developments. It is well connected to the cities of Kuala Lumpur, Shah Alam and the townships of Petaling Jaya therefore it is a good location. Taylors university offers the best campus environment and provide the best facilities among the competitors. The facilities provided are new and comprehensive, an example of fac ilities that is provided is the library, sports and recreation centre, hostel, lecture theatres, student central, sick bay, experiment labs and food court. (Taylors 2011) On the other hand, the weakness of Taylors University is it is charging a higher price than others competitor in the education market. For example, Taylors university is charging double the price of Help University College for the business program. The higher price charge sometimes will affect the consumer decision to choose Taylors university and unsatisfied consumers may end up going to other universities. Taylors university must ensure that the price charged should create superior value and provide value-added services to the consumer. Besides that, the weakness of the university is the choices of twinning program that it offers are limited. For example, Help University College is the biggest competitor at this point because it offers more university choices and has better partner universities. Taylors university should improve the choices for partner universities to gain its market share. The two types of external factors that affect the company to reach its objective are opportunities and threats. The opportunity of Taylors university is there is an increase in the awareness of the importance in attaining tertiary education. Nowadays, most organisations are hiring employees with either a diploma or a bachelors degree. Therefore, this encourages Malaysian parents to finance their childrens education to get at least a Bachelors degree for a better career. Besides that, Malaysia acts as one of the world excellence centre for education had created an opportunities for the university by an increases in international student. It is estimated that there are about 70,000 international students from more than 100 countries currently studying in public and private higher education institutions in Malaysia. (Study in Malaysia Handbook 2011) Malaysia is a diverse country with rapid economic development, stable politic, disaster free and it offers an affordable cost to the intern ational student for higher education opportunities will attract more international student in the future. Taylors university can consider providing more choices for world best partner university to increase its opportunity by increase competitiveness and grow its market share. The threat of Taylors university is it facing the increasing size of its competitor. For example, to cope with the increasing demand for quality education in the region, HELP University College will be opening a new state of the art Green Technology Campus in Subang 2 The campus is 600,000 sq ft and it is strategically located between Kota Damansara, Subang, Sungai Buloh, and Shah Alam. Due to the increase awareness of public to prevent and preserve the environment, HELP University College new campus will attract more attention from the public. By improving the facilities of Help University College in the new campus, providing a better partner university choice and offer a lower prising education, Taylors university will faces a higher competition. (HELP International Corporation 2008) Direct competitors are firms that offer products and services that are functionally the same. The direct competitors of Taylors university are those private university college and college for example HELP University College, INTI University College, Sunway University College, and KDU College. Those University and college offer the similar courses and the differences between them is the brand familiarity and the quality of education provided. Taylors University branding themselves by providing quality education, good campus environment and good facilities have made differences between itself with other brands. The extra value that Taylors provide causes a higher price charge for the program. Taylors university have to ensure that they will deliver what they had promised the consumer to gain market share and create customer satisfaction for building customer relationship. An indirect competitor is the businesses that are offering close substitutes products and services. These competitors are probably targeting the markets with a same or similar value proposition, but delivering a different product. The indirect competitors of Taylors university are the governments higher education institutions such as polytechnics, teacher training colleges, community colleges, Public college and Public universities. Some examples of these institutions are TAR College, University Malaya, and Politeknik Port Dickson(PPD). The public system has become competitor because the number of public universities and community colleges is increasing. The cost of studying in a public university is cheaper because 90% of the public universities funding came from Malaysian Government and the balance 10% is from student fees. (MoHE 2008) Segmentation Positioning Strategy Pie Chart 1.1 The pie chart shows the Malaysian household monthly income distribution. The information is sourced from MP Amirshams reply to Dr Michael J Devarajs question during a parliament assembly in July 2008. Demographic factors are the most popular bases for segmenting customer groups. One reason is that customer usage rates, needs and wants always very closely with demographic variables. Besides, demographic variables are easier to measure than other types of variables. Therefore, demographic segmentation is used in this assignment which divides the market into groups based on income for education in Taylor University Lakeside. The three market segments which relevant are low-income, medium-income and high-income. INCOME SEGMENTATION Low-income segment (households monthly income RM4-5k) Medium-income segment (households monthly income RM5-10k) High-income segment (households monthly income >RM10k) Firstly, low-income segment indicates the households monthly income between RM4000 and RM5000. The people from this segment only able to pursue the education provided by national university or governments subsidy universities. Their families cannot afford the expensive tuition fees because they have to spend the money in their daily expenses. Secondly, medium-income segment indicates households monthly income between RM5000 and RM10000. The people from this segment able to pursue the education provided by private universities in the country such as Taylor University and Sunway University. The standard of living is higher, so they willing to spend more money in education. Thirdly, high-income segment indicates the households monthly income more than RM10000. The people from this segment normally will send their children to foreign country for world-class education in United Kingdom or Australia. They totally have to power to cover the expensive living costs and tuition fees of their c hildren at overseas. Taylors Education Group targets affluence customers which are under medium-income segment with high quality facilities and services. This is because customers from medium-income segment have the right size and growth characteristics. Generally, the customers from this segment plan to study locally. With the approximately RM96000 of households annually income, people will choose to study at private college in the country. Local private colleges and universities find it easy to choose a differentiation and positioning strategy. In several cases, two or more competitors will go after the same position. Therefore, each of them will have to find its ways to set itself apart. For instance, Taylor University, Sunway University and Help University put in a lot of effort to decide on a value proposition. Therefore, Taylors Education Group well known for quality in certain segments differentiates itself by the outstanding image, service and slogan. The slogan had successfully been used to communicate with the consumers by sending the message of value and promises that the university will deliver. The slogan of Taylors university had effectively create differentiation between its competitor and position itself as providing superior customer value and leads to the gain of competitive advantage. Furthermore, Taylor goes for more for more positioning strategy. More for more positioning involves providing the most classy services, products and changing a higher price to balance the higher costs. Taylors Education Group differentiates its offer by invested at least RM450 million to build a unique lakeside campus that appeal to people from the medium-income segment. Taylors study environment and facilities are way better than its competitors. Taylors Lakeside Campus is a state-of-the-art modern tropical university campus, designed to meet the needs of students and in line with the nations goal of becoming a local centre of education excellence. The campus is surrounded by a revived 5.5 acre human-made lake and its landscape made up of trees, groundcovers, flowering shrubs, and water plants, which provide a stimulating and rich natural environment. In contrast, compared to Help University College, who using the same for less positioning strategy just to offer a great deal to everyone. By offering this positioning strategy, customers will tend to join Help University College due to the affordable tuition fee. However, the low-prices brand in an effort to lure customers away from market leader. Because of the low cost operations, the buildings and campuses separated and students have to take the shuttle bus to reach specific building for classes. This action brings a lot of inconvenient to customers and triggers them from joining. Customers from medium-income segment normally will chase for the university that fulfil a minimum requirements such as everything in one campus and safety. Besides, high quality study environment and facilities will also make customers chase for it. By offering high quality education and services, Taylors Education Group hopes for higher sales and stronger position within targeted market segment. The lakeside campus successfully developed a stronger position and creates more total sales than its competitors. Although its overall tuition fee above RM18000 per year, compare to other colleges is much more expensive, but customers are still willing to study in this university. As a result, Taylor Lakeside Campus gets a more stable, much greater market share than other college could. Taylors Education Group planned positions that give their services the greatest advantage in selected target markets, served the preferences and needs of well-defined targets markets and yet succeeds because it just meet the right value proposition. Taylor provided impressive and comfortable 4-storey library, retail Podium, Experimental Theatre, 600-pax Auditorium, 300-pax Lecture Theatre and outdoor Amphitheatre. The 4-storey library is so amazing, packed with different computers, facilities and resources. There are also different types of closed study room and discussion rooms in the library which allows students to have discussions among their friends without interrupting other students in the library. Besides, the Retail Podium is where inter-connecting streets lead to banks, cafes, convenience stores, shops and an array of service amenities. Everything of this made Taylor Lakeside campus so outstanding compared to others. In conclusion, the More for More positioning strategy totally more successful compared to The Same for Less. Marketing Mix (4Ps) Analysis Product The main product that Taylors University offers is in a form of service in which they provide education in return for tuition fees. However, there are also other products that the Taylors education group offers which include accommodation and basic necessities such as food and drinks which is provided by the campuss cafeteria and restaurants around the campus. The product that the Taylors education group provides is one of the reasons to the new Taylors Lakeside campuss success. Firstly, Taylors University has provided potential students with many choices of programs which include a variety of pre-university programs, a range of bachelors degree programs and also a PhD program in business administration. With a mixture of so many different courses, students who are seeking a tertiary education would find Taylors as a potential institution to further their studies. It is also important that we recognize the programs Taylors University offers are programs which are popular among todays students and also in demand among parents. With a combination of providing a wide-range of education programs along with programs which are popular, Taylors have found the perfect product that it can offer to the education market. Another type of product that Taylors University offers is the accommodation and dining service. With the presence of a student hostel located next to its main campus, students who are from overseas or a different state need not worry for a place to stay, or for transportation as the campus is only a walking distance away. Not to forget, the many different restaurants and also the cafeteria that is located right at the student hostel. This is one of the advantages the Taylors Lakeside campus has over its competitors, students who study at Taylors need not go a long distance in order to search for good and quality food. With the convenience that is provided by Taylors University, many students find themselves attracted to its product. The campuss structural design has also gained much attention from both prospective students and also parents. Investments made for its attractive architecture has definitely made an impact on the success of this campus. In a survey our group did, we have found that 50 percent of students were initially attracted to study at this new campus due to its attractive design. Price On average, to complete a bachelors degree at Taylors University could cost up to RM80, 000. This price of course varies depending on the course the student engaged in. Here, we will concentrate on the pricing strategies that Taylors University had used for a bachelor of business degree. At Taylors University, to complete a 3 year bachelor of business program would cost an average of RM80, 000. This fee is arguably rather high for a university in Malaysia. When compared to HELP University College, the price to complete a 3 year bachelor of business program is two times higher of that of HELPs. It only cost up to RM40, 000 in order to obtain a business degree at HELP University College. So why is it that Taylors University is making much higher profits compared to HELP University College? The answer is simple, the target market are of those among the medium income segment. From pie chart 1.1, it can be seen that 20.7 % of Malaysians are either in the medium-income segment or the high- income segment. For parents or guardians earning more than RM5, 000 a month, it would not be much of a problem to afford to send their child to complete their studies at Taylors University, provided that they have proper financial management. However, people may question to why parents send their child to Taylors University when they can save the money and send their child to a different university. The answer again is simple; parents want their best for their children. Most parents who are in between the medium-income segment and the high-income segment would not hesitate to send their child to a more renowned University provided that it has quality education, a superior campus and also a convenient location. Place Taylors main campus is located in a location that is accessible to target market. It is strategically located in the urban areas of Subang Jaya which is well known as a student hub consistent of all types of household such as average and above average income household. It is also well linked with other township such as Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam, and Klang making it a easily accessible educational institution for students to pursue their studies. On the other hand it is located thirty minutes away from Kuala Lumpur which is the capital city of Malaysia. In addition Subang Jaya is linked by highways for example Lebuhraya Damansara Puchong and Federal Highway allowing students who does not live in Subang Jaya reaching the campus much easier. Promotion Taylors uses several promotion tools to persuasively communicate customer value and build customer relationship. One of the tools is advertising. Taylors does their promotion through major media types such as television, newspaper, direct mail magazines, radio and the internet through websites such as facebook twitter, youtube and their very own Taylors website. Another promotion tool that Taylors uses is sales promotion. Taylors encourages purchases of their product by offering discounts such as early birds discount for consumers who register early or pay their fees early. Another discount is children and siblings discount for those who have other siblings studying in the same institution. Other incentives are scholarship such as top achiever scholarship which is based on SPM results. Another promotion tool used is building good public relations. Taylors sponsors events such as sports competition, charity events to build their image in the public. Other than that Taylors uses other public relation tools such as news and written materials to promote their product, facilities and so on. For example Taylors promote the beauty of their new lakeside campus and the facility it provides in a magazine. The last promotion tool that Taylors use is personal selling. Taylors uses sales person such as consultants and counselors to promote their product and build customer relationship through personal interaction. Taylors present their sales by giving a presentation of the products offered at Taylors in events such as career day and Taylors open day. Another example is Taylors sending some sales people to high schools to promote their product and to build long term customer relationship with students who are soon taking their SPM and to those who havent decided what they want to do after they finish their secondary school education. Recommendations Product One way to improve the product Taylors University provides to students is to provide more parking spaces for students who drive to the campus. Based on our observation and research, we have found that many students are unhappy with the parking system and lack of parking spaces imposed by Taylors University. Some have even threatened to leave if a solution is not found. To avoid a bad reputation and a loss of consumer confidence, it is important that they construct more parking lots or change their parking systems. However, a cheaper and more convenient way for the company is to adjust students timetables in order to make the campus less crowded at certain times. For example, the management at Taylors University can move more morning classes into the afternoon in order to avoid over-packed parking slots during the morning. Price A pricing strategy that we would recommend is to provide more student aid for programs which are less popular among students and parents. The student aid would be for those who are not able to afford the entire tuition fees imposed by Taylors University. This way, the company will also benefit from less popular programs as parents from lower-income segments will also be able to afford to send their children for these less popular programs.. From the way we see it, the Taylors Lakeside campus has been profiting huge amounts of money from student fees due to the crowded campus, therefore, we would not recommend a change in price of student fees in order to avoid a congested campus which may deteriorate its quality. An increase in price of student fees may well cause Taylors University to lose its main target segment which are the medium-income earners as for most of them, the price is just right. It may however not have much effect on the high-income earners as it is still affordable f or most of them. Also, reducing the price by a fair amount may cause more low-income earners to send their children to Taylors University to further their education. This would cause the campus to be overcrowded which may in turn decline the campuss quality. Therefore, the only recommendation we have is for Taylors University to provide more student aid for programs which are less popular among students and parents. However, Taylors Education Group is a private limited company which therefore inhibits us from viewing their financial statements which may prove our judgements wrong. Place In order to improve its placing Taylors would need to built more campuses in much more strategic locations in order to make its product easily accessible. Kota Damansara and Puchong are some of the examples of strategic locations. Other than building more campuses, Taylors can build more campuses that offers tertiary educations. Right now the only place students can undergo their tertiary education is at Taylors main campus. To have more campuses that offers the same tertiary education would improve its placing. Promotion On the other hand, to improve its promotion, Taylors can increase its outside sales force. Taylors can do house to house personal selling by sending sales consultants to houses. Instead of the customers come to Taylors, Taylors can go to their potential customers. This introduces a much more personal interaction between the two or more people. Customers will feel much more relax to express their need since they are in their own house. Consultants will be able to observe and make quick adjustments to solve customer problems. Another advantage of doing this house to house personal selling is it can build a much better customer relationship. Another Taylors can do is to improve its promotion is by providing much stronger incentives by offering promotional tools such as premiums or patronage rewards. For example Taylors offered Ali cash reward for being a loyal consumer by studying in their institution for three years. Conclusion The Taylors Lakeside Campus is currently becoming more and more popular. Due to the rising competition from other educational institutions such as HELP University College and Sunway University College, Taylors Lakeside Campus has to constantly strive to distinguish themselves from other educational institutions. Taylors being a well-known educational institution for over four decades certainly has its advantages. This gives a perception to people that Taylors is a well-established educational institution on the basis of the amount of years it has been running. Thus, Taylors is able to use this opportunity to charge a higher price compared to other local universities. However, Taylors must deliver the peoples moneys worth through academic excellence and by providing a conducive environment. Take for instance Taylors Lakeside Campus. Taylors Lakeside Campus still manages to draw many students despite the expensive cost of education because of its past records of academic excellence and also the very peaceful and relaxing environment at Taylors Lakeside Campus. Taylors Lakeside Campus managed to combine both elements of work and play which is very much commendable. Taylors Lakeside Campus targets the high-income segment. This is very much evident in the cost of education of Taylors which is comparably higher than its competitors. Taylors Lakeside Campus is very appealing as it practices the More for More positioning strategy. This strategy requires Taylors to provide outstanding facilities and environment. In return, Taylors will earn a higher brand positioning in the minds of the people. This will then attract them to enrol in Taylors. Taylors Lakeside Campus is a force to be reckoned with in the education industry. From strategic locations to academic excellence, Taylors Education Group is certainly making a tremendous effort up till now for it to be able to withstand the adversities of time. In short, no educational institution is perfect. However, one can stri ve to deliver the best value it can to satisfy customers. Taylors Lakeside Campus can indeed be classified into that category as the epitome of educational institutions.